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The 5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops (1861) was an Arkansas State infantry regiment that served during the American Civil War. Formed in mid-1861, the regiment was assigned to the command of Brigadier General Nicholas Bartlett Pearce, Commander, 1st Division, Provisional Army of Arkansas.〔 It was disbanded after the Battle of Wilson's Creek in August 1861. Another Arkansas unit also had the designation 5th Arkansas, the 5th Arkansas Infantry Regiment which belonged to the Confederate Army of Tennessee. There is no connection between the two units. == Organization == In the spring of 1861, as the secession crisis deepened, many additional volunteer companies were being formed in the Arkansas State Militia. The Militia Law of Arkansas as published in 1860 provided for a two-tiered militia system.〔Militia Law Of The State Of Arkansas; Published By Direction Of The Commander-In-Chief Of The Army Of The State Of Arkansas, And Of The Militia Thereof, Page 6, Accessed January 8, 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=3lFKAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA6#v=onepage&q=militia&f=false ; See Also, Acts Passed at the Fourths Session of the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas, An act for the better organization of the Militia of this State, page 149, accessed January 8, 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=48c3AAAAIAAJ&dq=Acts%20of%20Arkansas%201843%20General%20Assembly&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q=Acts%20of%20Arkansas%201843%20General%20Assembly&f=false , See Also, Revised statutes of the State of Arkansas: adopted at the October session of the General Assembly of said State, A.D. 1837, Page 543, accessed December 10, 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=ohxEAAAAYAAJ&dq=acts%20General%20Assembly%20Arkansas%20militia&pg=PA543#v=onepage&q&f=false〕 Section one of the law made all able-bodied free white male inhabitants between the ages of 18 and 45 liable for service. Section 57 of the Militia Act established the second tier of militia organization, the volunteer company. The act allowed each county to raise up to four volunteer companies. These volunteer companies were to be either infantry, riflemen, cavalry, or artillery. While the volunteer companies were to be separate from the regular militia units, they remained under the supervision and authority of the local militia regimental commander, who was required to set the time and place of the election of officers for volunteer companies and certify their election to the governor.〔Militia Law Of The State Of Arkansas; Published By Direction Of The Commander-In-Chief Of The Army Of The State Of Arkansas, And Of The Militia Thereof, Page 27, Accessed January 8, 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=3lFKAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA4-PA27#v=onepage&q=mlitia&f=false〕 Volunteer Companies were allowed to select and acquire their own uniforms and their officers were authorized to wear the uniform of the company.〔 While the standard militia units were organized into lettered companies organized roughly along township boundaries, volunteer companies usually adopted colorful names to set them apart. One example of the volunteer militia company is the ""Bell Point Guards", which would eventually become Company G of the 5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops. The unit was originally organized and on July 10, 1860 in the 51st Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, of Sebastian County. The unit was composed primarily of German immigrants from Sebastian County. In a letter to the "To The Militiamen Of The State Of Arkansas" dated August 27, 1860, Governor Conway exhorted the raising of additional volunteer companies:〔Arkansas public documents: 1854–60, page 58, accessed Jan 8, 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=3lFKAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA59#v=onepage&q&f=false〕 He commented that if all the volunteer companies authorized by the act were to be raised, the state would have a force of 22,000 volunteers.〔Arkansas public documents: 1854–60, page 60, accessed Jan 8, 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=3lFKAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA59#v=onepage&q&f=false〕 Although several volunteer companies were already in existence at various locations around the state, the Governor's call sparked a wave of formations. State newspapers in the summer and fall of 1860 contain several stories of volunteer companies being formed, drilling, and participating in the regular muster of the militia regiments. The leaders of these volunteer companies began to search for uniforms and equipment, often requesting them through militia channels to the Governor, but then turning to private sources when the State Government was unable to help. The state legislature responded to the need for arms and equipment in January 1861 by appropriating $100,000 for the arming and equipping of the militia being formed into volunteer companies. Act Number 192, which was approved on January 21, 1861, appropriated money "for the purpose of arming the volunteer militia of this state, when formed into volunteer military companies..."〔Acts of Arkansas, 1860–1861, page 368, accessed December 10, 2010. http://books.google.com/books?id=5cU3AAAAIAAJ&dq=ACT%20Arkansas%20General%20Assembly%20volunteer%20Company%20militia%20Arkansas%201861&pg=PA368#v=onepage&q&f=false〕 In the beginning, these volunteer militia companies continued to operate under the authority of the local militia commander, with the local regimental commander overseeing the election of officers and forwarding the election results to the Governor.〔 After the state actually seceded in May 1861, new volunteer companies would be organized under the authority of the State Military Board, and began to be organized into volunteer regiments which would be referred to as the Arkansas State Troops. The Star Company of Sevier County and the Davis Blues of Hempstead County are examples of these volunteer companies organized under the militia laws in southwest Arkansas. The Stars formed in April, the Blues were organized at Nashville, Arkansas on June 18, 1861. On the following day, June 19, the Nashville community hosted the Davis Blues to a going away gathering, together with a barbecue dinner and other gifts of clothing and such. The Honorable Charles B. Mitchel of nearby Washington, Arkansas, former U. S. Senator, now a Confederate Senator from Arkansas, spoke at the gathering. That afternoon the Blues, under the command of Captain Joseph L. Neal, left for Little Rock, arriving about June 23. The unit soon moved to Camp Walker, in Benton County, and were mustered into the 5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops as Company F for the period of 90 days. The Sevier Stars, under of Captain John G. McKean, apparently marched north from Sevier Co. to Camp Walker after this and were mustered into the 5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops as Company H. Following democratic guidelines, an election of officers was held, in which Thomas P. Dockery was selected to command this new regiment with Captain Joseph L. Neal as the Lieutenant Colonel. In the Davis Blues, Augusta S. Hutchinson, a man of strong military training was elected to replace Lieutenant Colonel Neal.〔Pence, Theo Merrill. 19th Arkansas Infantry Regiment, CSA (Dawson's). (Norman, OK: M.T. Pence, 1994), Page 11, Posted at the Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Accessed 23 July 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?read=15071〕 Immediately following secession, the Arkansas Succession Convention created the Provisional Army of Arkansas. The Provisional Army was to consist of two divisions, the 1st Division in the western part of the state was to be commanded by Brigadier General Pearce, and the 2nd Division in the eastern half of the state, commanded by Major General James Yell. The intent of the Secession Convention was to transfer these state troop regiments into Confederate service as quickly as possible, to avoid the cost of paying for a large state army. The troops of the eastern division were transferred to the command of Brigadier General William J. Hardee in July 1861, but the troops of the western division under Brigadier General Pearce were not transferred to Confederate service before they became engaged in the Battle of Wilson's Creek. The 5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops was composed of the following volunteer companies:〔MILITIA LAW OF THE STATE OF ARKANSAS; PUBLISHED BY DIRECTION OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE ARMY OF THE STATE OF ARKANSAS, AND OF THE MILITIA THEREOF, Accessed 8 January 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=3lFKAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PA59#v=onepage&q&f=false ; See Also, Acts Passed at the Fourths Session of the General Assembly of the State of Arkansas, An act for the better organization of the Militia of this State, page 149, accessed, 8 Jan 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=48c3AAAAIAAJ&dq=Acts%20of%20Arkansas%201843%20General%20Assembly&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q=Acts%20of%20Arkansas%201843%20General%20Assembly&f=false , See Also, Revised statutes of the State of Arkansas: adopted at the October session of the General Assembly of said State, A.D. 1837, Page 543, accessed 10 December 2010, http://books.google.com/books?id=ohxEAAAAYAAJ&dq=acts%20General%20Assembly%20Arkansas%20militia&pg=PA543#v=onepage&q&f=false〕〔 :Company A, of Franklin County, commanded by Captain John Randolph Titsworth;〔Howerton, Bryan R. "Re: Companies of Pearce's Brigade", Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 12 February 2007, Accessed 16 February 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?noframes;read=14760 , See also Dandrige McRae Papers, Arkansas History Commission, http://www.ark-ives.com/manuscripts/detail.aspx?id=181〕 This company was organized on June 7, 1861 as a volunteer company of cavalry from the 7th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia.〔Arkansas Military Department Records, Spanish American War, List of Commissioned Officers of the Militia 1827–1862, Arkansas History Commission, Microfilm Roll 38-8, Page 76〕 :Company B, of Columbia County, commanded by Captain William H. Dismukes;〔 This company was originally organized on June 17, 1861 as a volunteer company in the 68th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia, under the command of Captain Thomas P. Dockery.〔Arkansas Military Department Records, Spanish American War, List of Commissioned Officers of the Militia 1827–1862, Arkansas History Commission, Microfilm Roll 38-8, Page 555〕 :Company C, uncertain county, commanded by Captain Whaling;〔 :Company D, "Yell Blues" of Yell County, commanded by Captain Cornelius S. Lawrence;〔 This company was originally organized on May 22, 1861 as a volunteer company in the 26th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia.〔Arkansas Military Department Records, Spanish American War, List of Commissioned Officers of the Militia 1827–1862, Arkansas History Commission, Microfilm Roll 38-8, Page 352〕 :Company E, "Dowds" of Marion County, commanded by Captain James R. Dowd;〔 :Company F, "Davis Blues" of Hempstead County, commanded by Captain Joseph L. Neal;〔 :Company G, "Belle Point Guards" of Sebastian County, commanded by Captain W. R. Hartzig;〔 This company was a prewar volunteer militia company, composed of German immigrants, organized in the 51st Regiment, Arkansas State Militia.〔 :Company H, "Sevier County Stars" of Sevier County, commanded by Captain John G. McKean;〔 This unit had originally organized as a volunteer cavalry company in the 37th Regiment, Arkansas State Militia. :Company I, of Pike County, commanded by Captain John Arnold;〔 and :Company K, of Union County, commanded by Captain Ristor.〔 The regimental officers were:〔 :Dockery, Tom P. Colonel; :Neal, Joseph L. Lieutenant Colonel; and :Dismuke, William H. Adjutant. The regiment's designation as the 5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops is something of an enigma. While the unit was designated as the 5th Regiment by General Pearce, the regiment was not mentioned as an authorized State regiment in the Articles of Transfer of Arkansas Volunteers to the Confederate States, dated July 15, 1861. The State Military Board had already assigned the 5th Regiment designation to the regiment of Cololonel David C. Cross in the Eastern Division of the Army of Arkansas.〔Howerton, Bryan R. "Re: State Troops" Arkansas in the Civil War Message Board, Posted 23 January 2011, Accessed 23 July 2012, http://history-sites.com/cgi-bin/bbs53x/arcwmb/webbbs_config.pl?read=23112〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「5th Regiment, Arkansas State Troops」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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